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[Núcleo de Arqueologia e Paleoecologia <nap.ualg@gmail.com>]

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Journal of Archaeological Science Volume 39, Issue 10,  Pages 3039-3340, October 2012

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Editorial Board/Publication/Copyright Information    Pages IFC-

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An experimental micromorphological investigation of bedding construction in the Middle Stone Age of Sibudu, South Africa   Original Research Article Pages 3039-3051 Christopher E. Miller, Christine Sievers Highlights ► We conducted experiments reproducing burnt bedding found at the MSA site of Sibudu. ► Micromorphological samples were collected to compare to archaeological examples. ► Large quantities of plant material were needed to replicate the archaeological deposits. ► The experimental results generally support previous models of formation for the phytolith-rich layers at Sibudu.

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Late medieval copper alloying practices: a view from a Parisian workshop of the 14th century AD   Original Research Article Pages 3052-3070 David Bourgarit, Nicolas Thomas Highlights ► We analysed the elemental composition of 161 copper-based day to day items coming from a recently excavated foundry workshop at Paris, 14th c. AD. ► 8 types of alloys have been sorted out. ► We show that the forming processes partly influence the alloy choice, whereas economics happen to be the predominant criterion for alloying strategy. ► We propose a model for alloy elaboration based on dilution of brass master alloy by scrap metal.

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Multi-method (TL and OSL), multi-material (quartz and flint) dating of the Mousterian site of Roc de Marsal (Dordogne, France): correlating Neanderthal occupations with the climatic variability of MIS 5–3   Original Research Article Pages 3071-3084 Guillaume Guérin, Emmanuel Discamps, Christelle Lahaye, Norbert Mercier, Pierre Guibert, Alain Turq, Harold L. Dibble, Shannon P. McPherron, Dennis Sandgathe, Paul Goldberg, Mayank Jain, Kristina Thomsen, Marylène Patou-Mathis, Jean-Christophe Castel, Marie-Cécile Soulier Highlights ► OSL and TL ages on different materials are compared. ► Radioactivity heterogeneities are discussed at different scales. ► Ages allow discussing climate variability in southwest France during MIS 5–3. ► Composite faunal spectra corresponding to a transition phase are dated to MIS 4.

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Amplitudes of orbitally induced climatic cycles and patterns of hominin speciation   Original Research Article Pages 3085-3094 Matt Grove Highlights ► Amplitudes of the precession, obliquity, and eccentricity cycles over the past 5 ma. ► Are tested for significant relationships with hominin speciation and extinction. ► All three components show significant associations with speciation events. ► Only the obliquity cycle shows a significant association with extinction events. ► Climatic change prompts speciation; competition prompts extinction.

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Production and subsistence strategies at El Zafrín (Chafarinas Islands, Spain): new data for the early Neolithic of North-West Africa   Original Research Article Pages 3095-3104 Juan F. Gibaja, António Faustino Carvalho, Manuel Rojo, Rafael Garrido, Iñigo García Highlights ► Large quantities of artifacts and faunal remains were found at Zafrín settlement. ► Spatial and palaeoeconomic analysis indicates this was a base camp. ► Lithic analysis established catching areas and knapping procedures. ► Comparisons were made with other North African and South Iberian sites.

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Using 3D scanning in the investigation of Upper Palaeolithic engravings: first results of a pilot study   Original Research Article Pages 3105-3114 Alexandra Güth Highlights ► We started a different approach of interpreting and analysing Palaeolithic art. ► For the first time we applied 3D-Scan methods on Gönnersdorf material. ► We reinvestigated slate plaquettes with several engraved representations. ► The engraved lines' differences had been compared from a technical and metric point of view. ► We got new results about the engravings' features, correlations and chronologies.

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A pre-Columbian fisheries baseline from the Caribbean   Original Research Article Pages 3115-3124 Nanny Carder, John G. Crock Highlights ► We analyze fish remains from five Ceramic Age sites on Anguilla. ► We establish a robust pre-Columbian fishery baseline for Anguilla. ► Composition of captured fish families varies amongst sites. ► Analyses indicate good fishery health throughout the Late Ceramic Age.

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Diet and death in times of war: isotopic and osteological analysis of mummified human remains from southern Mongolia   Original Research Article Pages 3125-3140 Bethany L. Turner, Molly K. Zuckerman, Evan M. Garofalo, Andrew Wilson, George D. Kamenov, David R. Hunt, Tsend Amgalantugs, Bruno Frohlich Highlights ► Medieval southern Mongolia experienced severe political instability, violence, and famine. ► Isotopic analyses were completed in mummified individuals from Hets Mountain Cave, Mongolia. ► All individuals exhibit marked perimortem trauma but no other skeletal stress markers. ► Results suggest C3-based pastoralism, contra expectations of famine-relief grains from China. ► This study points to the need for expanding bioarchaeological analysis in this region.

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Human activity and its impact on the landscape at the Xishanping site in the western Loess Plateau during 4800–4300 cal yr BP based on the fossil charcoal record   Original Research Article Pages 3141-3147 Xiaoqiang Li, Nan Sun, John Dodson, Xinying Zhou Highlights ► The dramatic changes of vegetation were a result of human impact after 4600 cal yr BP. ► Nuts and berries were important food resource and fruit trees were managed by prehistoric humans. ► The intensity and scale influenced by prehistoric human are biggish in the western Loess Plateau.

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Particle size distribution of lithic assemblages and taphonomy of Palaeolithic sites   Original Research Article Pages 3148-3166 Pascal Bertran, Arnaud Lenoble, Dominique Todisco, Pierre M. Desrosiers, Mikkel Sørensen Highlights ► A new database on the particle size composition of experimental lithic assemblages has been built. ► Particle sorting processes due to water flow are reviewed. ► Comparison between the database and French Palaeolithic assemblages shows that many sites have been sorted upon burial. ► Sorting has a significant impact on the techno-typological balance of the assemblages.

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What's behind the tell phenomenon? An archaeozoological approach of Eneolithic sites in Romania   Original Research Article Pages 3167-3183 Stéphanie Bréhard, Adrian Bălăşescu Highlights ► The Gumelniţa culture is characterized by the development of tell sites. ► This was accompanied by a greater diversity in the animal exploitation systems. ► Hunting played an important role for some Gumelniţa communities. ► Within large game or within domestic species, the favored species varied. ► Homogeneous and specialized pastoral practices were developed for sheep.

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In situoxygen isotope micro-analysis of faunal material and human teeth using a SHRIMP II: a new tool for palaeo-ecology and archaeology   Original Research Article Pages 3184-3194 Maxime Aubert, Ian S. Williams, Katarina Boljkovac, Ian Moffat, Marie-Hélène Moncel, Elise Dufour, Rainer Grün Highlights ► We analysed the oxygen isotopic compositions of biogenic materials with the SHRIMP II. ► We compared between SIMS and c-IRMS analyses. ► We explored SIMS applications to palaeo-ecology and archaeology.

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Temper mixture models and assessing ceramic complexity in the emerging Tarascan state   Original Research Article Pages 3195-3207 Amy J. Hirshman, Jeffrey R. Ferguson Highlights ► We identify ceramic compositional groups from a 1500-year prehispanic sequence. ► Compositional diversity increases differentially through time at different sites. ► We model volcanic materials as temper in the construction of compositional groups. ► Volcanic ash structures the compositional groups. ► Ceramic production is decentralized but discreet ash resources move in the Basin.

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Can Archaeozoology and Taphonomy contribute to knowledge of the feeding habits of the Iberian wolf?   Original Research Article Pages 3208-3216 Montserrat Esteban-Nadal Highlights ► The feeding behaviour of the Iberian wolf has usually been studied using hair of preys from scats. ► Present research proposes a study of the bone remains from scats. ► Research is based on the use of the archaeozoological and taphonomical methods. ► This study is suitable in order to complement the researchon the feeding habits of the Iberian wolf.

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Cats of the pharaohs: genetic comparison of Egyptian cat mummies to their feline contemporaries   Original Research Article Pages 3217-3223 Jennifer D. Kurushima, Salima Ikram, Joan Knudsen, Edward Bleiberg, Robert A. Grahn, Leslie A. Lyons Highlights ► mtDNA is extracted and sequenced from Egyptian cat mummies. ► Ancient Egyptian cat mummies are domestic cats, and not wild species. ► Each cat mummy had a different mitotype currently found in modern Egyptian feral cat populations. ► Cats were domesticated prior to or during the Predynastic or Early Dynastic Periods of Egypt.

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A new miniSTR heptaplex system for genetic fingerprinting of ancient DNA from archaeological human bone   Original Research Article Pages 3224-3229 Verena Seidenberg, Felix Schilz, Daniela Pfister, Léa Georges, Lars Fehren-Schmitz, Susanne Hummel Highlights ► We developed a short amplicon tandem repeat (miniSTR) heptaplex PCR system. ► The system was designed with respect to the special demands of degraded DNA. ► It produces reproducibly full STR profiles down to a concentration of 0.06 ng DNA. ► The system is a reliable and inexpensive tool for genetic fingerprinting on aDNA. ► The system is suitable for kinship reconstruction in archeological burial contexts.

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Phylogeographic analysis of barley DNA as evidence for the spread of Neolithic agriculture through Europe   Original Research Article Pages 3230-3238 Glynis Jones, Huw Jones, Michael P. Charles, Martin K. Jones, Sue Colledge, Fiona J. Leigh, Diane A. Lister, Lydia M.J. Smith, Wayne Powell, Terrence A. Brown Highlights ► Phylogeographic analysis of barley DNA is used to identify the mechanism of agricultural spread. ► Climatic adaptation is thought to have played a role in the spread of agriculture in the Alpine Foreland. ► Modern cereal landraces seem to retain a genetic signal of the spread of agriculture into Europe.

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Clovis, Folsom, and Midland components at the Debra L. Friedkin site, Texas: context, chronology, and assemblages   Original Research Article Pages 3239-3247 Thomas A. Jennings Highlights ► Site-scale comparison of multiple occupations at a single open-air site. ► Clovis, Folsom, and Midland on-site reduction and tool-use activities are similar. ► Point production and late-stage bifacial core reduction predominate. ► Friedkin occupations differ from other early Paleoindian sites in the region.

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The value of sieving of grave soil in the recovery of human remains: an experimental study of poorly preserved archaeological inhumations   Original Research Article Pages 3248-3254 S. Mays, S. Vincent, G. Campbell Highlights ► Experiment on soil sieving vs hand collection on recovery of loose teeth and bone fragments. ► Sieving of basal grave fills through 8 mm and 4 mm meshes. ► Sieving increases recovery of bone fragments and loose teeth by approximately 54%.

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How an integrated diagnostic approach can help in a correct evaluation of the state of preservation of waterlogged archaeological wooden artefacts   Original Research Article Pages 3255-3263 Nicola Macchioni, Benedetto Pizzo, Chiara Capretti, Gianna Giachi Highlights ► More than 200 waterlogged archaeological samples analysed. ► Several investigation techniques were used to make a reliable diagnostic evaluation. ► Single techniques can be misleading because of wood collapse or high ash content. ► Integrated approach helps to correctly evaluate the artefact state of preservation. ► Possibility of a reliable material grading and, in future, of a tailored treatment.

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The combined use of oxygen isotopes and microwear in sheep teeth to elucidate seasonal management of domestic herds: the case study of Çatalhöyük, central Anatolia   Original Research Article Pages 3264-3276 Elizabeth Henton Highlights ► Combined oxygen isotope and microwear in sheep enamel elucidate herding tasks. ► Local baseline models breeding seasonality, herd movement and pre-slaughter diet. ► Evidence shows nomadic pastoralism not commonly practiced in central Anatolian Neolithic. ► Synchrony of breeding cycle and natural resources implies minimal reliance on arable.

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Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) as a paleothermometer: otolith oxygen isotope reconstruction   Original Research Article Pages 3277-3283 Catherine F. West, Stephen Wischniowski, Christopher Johnston Highlights ► We present method for using archaeological Pacific cod otoliths as a paleothermometer. ► We argue these are useful in archaeological contexts around the North Pacific Ocean. ► We show Pacific cod otoliths record variable temperature histories.

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Swept under the rug: the problem of unacknowledged ambiguity in lithic residue identification   Original Research Article Pages 3284-3300 Gilliane F. Monnier, Jammi L. Ladwig, Samantha T. Porter Highlights ► The morphology of organic residues on stone tools can be ambiguous. ► We study the nature of this ambiguity in a reference collection of residues. ► We find that certain residue types are more ambiguous than others. ► These include hide-scraping, bone-scraping, and hardwood-whittling residues. ► Multiple types of microscopy (light, electron) may help diminish the number of ambiguous cases.

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Strict solar alignment of Bronze Age rock carvings in SE Sweden   Original Research Article Pages 3301-3305 Nils-Axel Mörner Highlights ► Strict solar alignment of pictures on a Bronze Age rock carving in SE Sweden. ► Alignments of pictures with respect to the annual motion of the Sun. ► 121 feet and shoes pointing to the sunrise at winter solstice in the SE. ► In front of the feet and shoes stands “the dancer” awaiting the return of the light. ► The sunrise at winter solstice seems to have been the most important day of the year.

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The Holocene archaeological sequence and sedimentological processes at Ifri Oudadane, NE Morocco   Original Research Article Pages 3306-3323 Jörg Linstädter, Martin Kehl Highlights ► One of the few recently excavated sites in NW-Africa showing Neolithic transition. ► The 18 radiocarbon ages attest an occupation between 11.0 and 5.7 ka calBP. ► The well documented Neolithic transition occurred at about 7.6 ka calBP. ► Proved are the appearance of pottery, cereals, legumes and ovicaprides. ► Geochemistry & micromorphology attest several changes in the sedimentation milieu.

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A novel method for integrated age and sex determination from archaeological cattle mandibles   Original Research Article Pages 3324-3330 S. McGrory, E.M. Svensson, A. Götherström, J. Mulville, A.J. Powell, M.J. Collins, T.P. O'Connor Highlights ► aDNA used to sex archaeological cattle mandibles. ► Sex and age-at-death data combined into true mortality profiles. ► Theoretical mortality profile for dairy system generated from modern data. ► Ancient and theoretical profiles compared.

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Demography and the intensity of cultural activities: an evaluation of Funnel Beaker Societies (4200–2800 cal BC)   Original Research Article Pages 3331-3340 Martin Hinz, Ingo Feeser, Karl-Göran Sjögren, Johannes Müller Highlights ► Specific regional quantification of human activities on the basis of14C dates. ► Comparison of sum-calibrated probabilities with pollen record shows strong correlation. ► Phase of decline of human activities between 3350 and 3100 cal BC in most Funnel Beaker areas visible. ► Differences between Funnel Beaker West and North Groups compared with the Northeast Group.

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Núcleo de Arqueologia e Paleoecologia
FCHS
Universidade do Algarve
Campus de Gambelas
8005-139 Faro, PORTUGAL

Mail: nap.ualg@gmail.com

Url: http://nap-ualg.blogspot.com

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Núcleo de Arqueologia e Paleoecologia
FCHS
Universidade do Algarve
Campus de Gambelas
8005-139 Faro, PORTUGAL

Mail: nap.ualg@gmail.com

Url: http://nap-ualg.blogspot.com

Mail-List: inscrições em http://nap-ualg.blogspot.pt/p/inscricoes.html