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| 3. | Pattern or bias? A critical evaluation of Midwestern fluted point distributions using raster based GIS
Original Research Article
Pages 1205-1217
Thomas J. Loebel
Highlights► Raster based approach examines continuous artifact distributions across landscape. ► Identifies distributional biases and effect of biases across the study region. ► Early Paleoindian settlement patterning can be identified and confidently interpreted. ► Modern population and prior research influence recorded fluted point distributions. ► Results suggest caution in using county level data in New World colonization models.
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| 4. | Provenance of Zhangzhou export blue-and-white and its clay source
Original Research Article
Pages 1218-1226
Hongjiao Ma, Jian Zhu, Julian Henderson, Naisheng Li
Highlights► Late Ming Chinese export porcelain samples are studied in present research. ► ICP-MS is employed to determine trace elemental composition for analysed samples. ► PCA and REE distribution curves are used to deliver provenance results. ► An interdisciplinary approach is used to trace the clay source for Zhangzhou kilns.
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| 5. | Discovery of Beeswax as binding agent on a 6th-century BC Chinese Turquoise-inlaid Bronze sword
Original Research Article
Pages 1227-1237
Wugan Luo, Tao Li, Changsui Wang, Fengchun Huang
Highlights► Five 6th-century BC turquoise-inlaid bronzes were recently excavated in central China. ► We identified some whitish pastes on a turquoise-inlaid sword using FTIR and XRD. ► Beeswax was suggested to be used as binding agent in early China inlay technique. ► Beeswax in other regions may also be used for lightening in early China. ► This research will promote our understanding of how ancient Chinese exploited natural resins to meet technological change.
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| 7. | A regional investigation of subadult dietary patterns and health in late Iron Age and Roman Dorset, England
Original Research Article
Pages 1249-1259
Rebecca C. Redfern, Andrew R. Millard, Christine Hamlin
Highlights► We analysed Late Iron Age and Romano-British sub-adult burials from Dorset, England. ► Dental health declined and metabolic disease increased from the LIA to RB. ► Carbon and nitrogen isotopes showed increased consumption of marine foods in the RB. ► After weaning, we found no variation in dietary protein sources with age. ► We suggest that urban living, Roman diets and migration caused the changes.
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| 8. | Palynological interpretation of the Early Neolithic coastal open-air site at Sa Punta (central-western Sardinia, Italy)
Original Research Article
Pages 1260-1270
Paola Pittau, Carlo Lugliè, Carla Buosi, Ignazio Sanna, Myriam Del Rio
Highlights► Our study is aimed at assessing the paleoecology of a Sardinian Early Neolithic site. ► The Sa Punta coastal settlement underwent a whole palynological analysis. ► Pollen, phytoliths, fungal and microfossil remains suggest its possible function. ► Men occupied a rise along a marshy riverbank, about 6 km from the ancient shoreline. ► This shows the oldest evidence in Sardinia of a space transformation due to settling.
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| 10. | Testing flora as bioindicator of buried structures in the archaeological area of Maxentius’s villa (Rome, Italy)
Original Research Article
Pages 1288-1295
Simona Ceschin, Alma Kumbaric, Giulia Caneva, Vincenzo Zuccarello
Highlights► Buried masonries create discontinuities in ground influencing flora that grows above. ► The bioindication of this phenomenon occurs on a floristic scale in several ways. ► Presence/absence of some species, decrease in number of individuals and plant cover. ► Phenological irregularities in single specimens with reductions in height and vigour. ► Spontaneous flora can be utilized as bioindicator in archaeological prospection.
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| 12. | Understanding the variability in freshwater radiocarbon reservoir offsets: a cautionary tale
Original Research Article
Pages 1306-1316
Evelyn M. Keaveney, Paula J. Reimer
Highlights► Freshwater reservoir offsets (FRO) measured from archaeological and modern fish bone to investigate magnitude and variability. ► Stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) values can indicate consumption of freshwater material. ► Magnitude of the FRO can be large (max measurement: 1638 ± 22 14C years). ► FROs varied widely between sites in Britain and Ireland, and within sites between fish species analysed. ► FRO also varied over time.
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| 13. | Multiple origins of Bondi Cave and Ortvale Klde (NW Georgia) obsidians and human mobility in Transcaucasia during the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic
Original Research Article
Pages 1317-1330
François-Xavier Le Bourdonnec, Sébastien Nomade, Gérard Poupeau, Hervé Guillou, Nikolos Tushabramishvili, Marie-Hélène Moncel, David Pleurdeau, Tamar Agapishvili, Pierre Voinchet, Ana Mgeladze, David Lordkipanidze
Highlights► We present a sourcing study of Middle and Upper Palaeolithic obsidians from NW Georgia. ► The elemental composition and ages of obsidians from the Chikiani source were determined. ► Four sources of obsidians are represented at Bondi Cave and Ortvale Klde. ► The Chikiani and another undetermined source were used by Neanderthals and Modern Man. ► The minimal distance to the nearest exploited sources is about 200 km.
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| 15. | Ashes to ashes. Fuelwood selection in Roman cremation rituals in northern Gaul
Original Research Article
Pages 1338-1348
Koen Deforce, Kristof Haneca
Highlights► Charcoal from both Roman cremation graves and refuse deposits was analysed. ►Quercussp.,Alnussp. andFagus sylvaticaare overrepresented in the graves. ► No particular taxa have been avoided. ► No indications for ritual based fuelwood selection strategies have been found. ► Fuelwood selection for cremation was functional rather than ritual.
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| 17. | Obsidian hydration at high elevation: Archaic quarrying at the Chivay source, southern Peru
Original Research Article
Pages 1360-1367
Nicholas Tripcevich, Jelmer W. Eerkens, Tim R. Carpenter
Highlights► Obsidian quarry and workshop at 4900 masl is tested but has few datable remains for14C dating. ► Relative obsidian hydration derived from one dated sequence correlated to other two sequences. ► Obsidian hydrates slowly at high elevation. ► Variation is low within stratigraphic contexts suggests narrow windows of knapping. ► Quarry activities at this pit are predominantly Archaic (preceramic) in age.
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| 26. | Molecular and osteometric sexing of cattle metacarpals: a case study from 15th century AD Beja, Portugal
Original Research Article
Pages 1445-1454
Simon J.M. Davis, Emma M. Svensson, Umberto Albarella, Cleia Detry, Anders Götherström, Ana Elisabete Pires, Catarina Ginja
Highlights► Portuguese Moslem and Christian period cattle metacarpals form two sizes. ► aDNA analysis of these confirms males are the larger and females the smaller. ► Post-Moslem Portuguese cattle size increase not therefore due to sex-ratio change. ► Christians in Portugal improved cattle for meat and power. ► aDNA-sexed metacarpals indicate BFd and WCL measurements can separate sexes.
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| 27. | Khmer sandstone quarries of Kulen Mountain and Koh Ker: a petrographic and geochemical study
Original Research Article
Pages 1455-1466
Federico Carò, Sokrithy IM
Highlights► We studied several stone quarries and outcrops in the Angkor area and in Koh Ker. ► Quarries open on Lower–Middle Jurassic Formation of lacustine and fluvial origin. ► All the samples are feldspathic arenite of similar geochemistry. ► It is arduous to discriminate existing quarries within each site, and between the two sites.
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| 30. | Magnetite grain-size analysis and sourcing of Mediterranean obsidians
Original Research Article
Pages 1493-1498
E. Zanella, E. Ferrara, L. Bagnasco, A. Ollà, R. Lanza, C. Beatrice
Highlights► Ferrimagnetic grain-size analysis used for the first time to source obsidians. ► Fast non-destructive method to screen large collection of archaeological finds. ► Mediterranean neolithic source areas successfully characterized. ► Bulk and anhysteretic susceptibilities, room and low-T isothermal remanence measured.
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| 32. | A method for chronological apportioning of ceramic assemblages
Original Research Article
Pages 1513-1520
John M. Roberts, Barbara J. Mills, Jeffery J. Clark, W. Randall Haas, Deborah L. Huntley, Meaghan A. Trowbridge
Highlights► Sites' chronologically-mixed assemblages make time-specific research difficult. ► Our apportioning method uses data on site inhabitation and object lifespans. ► Uses hypothesized object popularity histories, can be adapted to empirical histories. ► Applied to ceramic ware assemblages in the late prehispanic U.S. Southwest. ► Evaluation in test cases indicates that the method is useful.
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| 33. | Mussels and mongongo nuts: logistical visits to the Cape west coast, South Africa
Original Research Article
Pages 1521-1530
John Parkington
Highlights► Megamiddens are logistical campsites. ► Stable carbon isotopes from coastal skeletons. ► Logistical and residential movements of San hunters and gatherers. ► Food waste and artefact densities in caves and open sites. ► Mongongo collection as analog for shellfish gathering.
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| 34. | Camels in the northern provinces of the Roman Empire
Original Research Article
Pages 1531-1539
Fabienne Pigière, Denis Henrotay
Highlights► We describe the remains of a Late Roman dromedary from a site in Belgium. ► A review of camel finds from 22 sites in the northern Roman provinces is provided. ► Both dromedary and Bactrian camel were imported throughout the whole Roman period. ► Camel discoveries derive from both military and civilian settlements. ► They might have been pack animals linked with the traffic on the Roman road.
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| 35. | Evidence of early medieval soda ash glass in the archaeological site of San Genesio (Tuscany)
Original Research Article
Pages 1540-1552
S. Cagno, L. Favaretto, M. Mendera, A. Izmer, F. Vanhaecke, K. Janssens
Highlights► We have discovered the earliest medieval soda ash glass in Italy. ► Both natron glass and soda ash glass have been identified in the early medieval San Genesio, Tuscany. ► We have analyzed glass fragments that provide an interesting picture of an important transition period in glass history. ► 37 well dated early medieval glass fragments from San Genesio, Tuscany were analyzed with SEM-EDX and LA-ICP-MS. ► Medieval soda ash based glass appeared in Italy earlier (6–7th century) than previously reported.
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| 36. | Historical ecology of late Holocene sea otters (Enhydra lutris) from northern British Columbia: isotopic and zooarchaeological perspectives
Original Research Article
Pages 1553-1571
Paul Szpak, Trevor J. Orchard, Iain McKechnie, Darren R. Gröcke
Highlights► Sea otters are consistently important components of northern coastal BC faunal assemblages. ► Stable isotope data suggest Holocene sea otters in northern BC fed primarily on benthic invertebrates. ► The isotopic data are not consistent with significant consumption of nearshore fish by sea otters. ► BC sea otters are characterized by very little inter-individual isotopic variability. ► The isotopic data are consistent with sea otters at low population densities, which may be related to human hunting.
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| 37. | A Bayesian AMS14C chronology of the Classic Maya Center of Uxbenká, Belize
Original Research Article
Pages 1572-1586
Brendan J. Culleton, Keith M. Prufer, Douglas J. Kennett
Highlights► Precise AMS14C dates are integrated with stratigraphy to refine site chronology. ► The approach allows us to estimate the dates of events not directly datable. ► Revised chronology pushes first site construction earlier than previously thought. ► The analysis clarifies directions for future stratigraphic excavation and analysis. ► Bayesian approaches have broader application in Maya and Mesoamerican contexts.
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| 39. | Discriminating Paleoindian point types from Florida using landmark geometric morphometrics
Original Research Article
Pages 1599-1607
David K. Thulman
Highlights► Landmark geometric morphometrics can produce better artifact typologies. ► Bilaterally-symmetric artifacts can better capture the ideational form. ► Bootstrapping methods with replacement better measure the effectiveness of a typology. ► The base of a point better discriminates among groups in a typology.
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| 43. | Reconstructing patterns of systemic stress in a Jomon period subadult using incremental microstructures of enamel
Original Research Article
Pages 1634-1641
Daniel H. Temple, Masato Nakatsukasa, Jennifer N. McGroarty
Highlights► We use perikymata to identify enamel hypoplasia (LEH) defects in a subadult from Jomon period Japan → Eight matched defects were identified. ► Chronology of LEH defects were estimated → Stress chronology was between 1.2 and 3.5 years of age. ► Duration of stress episodes were estimated → Stress duration in ranged from 12 to 129.6 days. ► Stress duration overlapped with Neandertals, but was considerably lower than Point Hope. ► Enamel microstructures provide a comparatively more finite depiction of stress in Jomon people.
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| 44. | Foodstuff placement in ibis mummies and the role of viscera in embalming
Original Research Article
Pages 1642-1647
Andrew D. Wade, Salima Ikram, Gerald Conlogue, Ronald Beckett, Andrew J. Nelson, Roger Colten, Barbara Lawson, Donatella Tampieri
Highlights► Demonstrates organ removal in ibises, which is generally considered rare. ► Pattern includes previously unreported practice of foodstuff packing. ► Foodstuffs suggest the provision of an afterlife food source to the bird. ► Supports idea that viscera were meant to function in the afterlife. ► Demonstrates degree to which animals were treated equally to humans in death.
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| 45. | Chemical composition of architectural plaster at the Classic Maya kingdom of Piedras Negras, Guatemala
Original Research Article
Pages 1648-1654
Elliot M. Abrams, John Parhamovich, Jared A. Butcher, Bruce McCord
Highlights► We study architectural plaster chemistry from Piedras Negras, Guatemala, a Maya center. ► Methods include X-ray fluorescence and complementary statistical analysis. ► Clusters of buildings differed from each other in plaster chemical composition. ► A rotational system of labor obligation is suggested.
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